Marilyn Holt

Marilyn Holt is a historian of American orphanages and an expert on the history of American Indian adoption. She wrote Indian Orphanages and The Orphan Trains: Placing Out in America.

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Karen Dubinsky

Karen Dubinsky is a professor of history of gender and sexuality, history of tourism, transnational/transracial adoption 
and the global politics of childhood at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario.

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Karen Balcom

Karen Balcom is an assistant professor of history and women’s studies at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. She is an expert on historical aspects of adoption up to the 1960s, including the history of social welfare policy in the U.S. and Canada and women’s reform networks. She wrote “‘Phony Mothers’ and Border-Crossing Adoptions: The […]

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Linda S. Spears

Linda S. Spears is the vice president of the Child Welfare League of America. She has been a social worker, manager and agency head and is a former director of field support for the Massachusetts Department of Social Services. An enrolled member of the Narragansett Indian Tribe, she is expert on issues of Indian child […]

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