Paige Johnson is director of public affairs of Planned Parenthood of Central North Carolina.

James Trussell is a professor of economics and public affairs and faculty associate with the Office of Population Research at Princeton University in New Jersey. He has an expertise in abortion and advocates making emergency contraception widely available as a means of reducing unintended pregnancies and runs a website on the topic.

Amitai Etzioni, a sociologist, is University professor at the George Washington University in Washington, D.C., and the author of From Empire to Community: A New Approach to International Relations (Palgrave Macmillan, 2004).

David Luban is a professor of law at the Georgetown University Law Center in Washington, D.C. He teaches about legal ethics and has written in an online blog that “pacifists should not join the Army, and people who do not wish to fill prescriptions should not become pharmacists.”

An institute of higher-education located in Michigan that offers programs in Islamic studies.

Paul Rosenzweig is a visiting fellow at the Heritage Foundation, a conservative Washington think tank.

Anita L. Allen, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania Law School, has taught about contemporary ethics and bioethics and is the author of The New Ethics: A Guided Tour of the Twenty-First-Century Moral Landscape (Miramax Books, 2004). In 2010, she was appointed by President Obama to the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues.

Nancy Audet is director of communications for the Family Planning Association of Maine.

Read an opinion piece by sociologist Florence A. Ruderman from the September 1, 2005 New York Times about a pharmacist who refused to fill her father’s prescription for morphine when he was dying of cancer and in severe pain, and how that’s affected her views of pharmacists’ responsibilities.